Gemma 4 vs GLM-5.1

Gemma 4 is Google DeepMind's fourth-generation open model family, released April 2, 2026, under Apache 2.0. Four variants ship in the family: E2B and E4B edge models that run fully offline on phones, Raspberry Pi, and NVIDIA Jetson; a 26B Mixture-of-Experts model that activates only 3.8B parameters at inference; and a 31B Dense flagship. The 31B scores 1452 on the Arena AI text leaderboard (third among all open models), hits 89.2% on AIME 2026 math, and 85.2% on MMLU Pro — versus Gemma 3's 20.8% on AIME. All four model sizes accept text and image inputs. The edge models additionally handle native audio and video, making them the first on-device models with full multimodal coverage. Context windows reach 256K tokens on the large variants, enabling entire codebases or long documents in a single prompt. Native support for tool use, structured output, and agentic workflows is baked in from the start. For the open-source AI community, Gemma 4 is a watershed: a commercially permissive model that genuinely competes with closed-source alternatives on reasoning benchmarks. Gemma downloads crossed 400 million before this launch — Gemma 4's edge deployment story, combining on-device inference with frontier-class reasoning, looks set to make that number look small.

GLM-5.1 is Z.ai's (formerly Zhipu AI) open-weight model released April 7, 2026 under the MIT license. It's a 744-billion-parameter Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 40 billion active parameters per token, a 200K-token context window, and a 131K maximum output length — and it became the first open-source model ever to lead SWE-bench Pro, scoring 58.4% versus Claude Opus 4.6's 57.3%. The training story is almost as remarkable as the performance. GLM-5.1 was trained entirely on approximately 100,000 Huawei Ascend 910B chips using the MindSpore framework — no Nvidia hardware was used at any point. That makes it one of the first frontier-tier models to demonstrate that the CUDA monoculture isn't technically mandatory for training state-of-the-art models. Z.ai became the first publicly traded foundation model company via a Hong Kong IPO in January 2026 (~$558M raised). The model is free to download from HuggingFace and also available via API at $0.95 per million input tokens. In agentic demonstrations, it has run autonomously for eight hours straight — 655 planning and execution iterations — without human checkpoints.